Global Automotive Lead Acid Batteries Industry

NEW YORK, Nov. 23, 2016 /PRNewswire/ -- This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Automotive Lead Acid Batteries in US$ Million and Thousand Units by the following End-Use Segments: Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars, & Commercial Vehicles), and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars, & Commercial Vehicles). The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for the US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Rest of World. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2015 through 2022. Also, a six-year historic analysis is provided for these markets. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based on public domain information including company URLs. The report profiles 55 companies including many key and niche players such as -

ATLASBX Co., Ltd.
Banner Batteries
Camel Group Co., Ltd.
CSB Battery Co., Ltd.
East Penn Manufacturing Company, Inc.

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I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations I-1 Disclaimers.............. I-2 Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2 Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-3 Product Definitions and Scope of Study I-3

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW.............. II-1 Lead-Acid Batteries Remain Central to the Automotive Industry II-1 Battery Packs: Vital for Providing the Electrical Juice Required to Keep Automobiles Up and Running II-1 Rechargeable Lead Acid Batteries: The Standard Power Source for Automobiles.............. II-1 Innovations in Lead-Acid Batteries: Vital to Compensate for the Dearth of Battery Breakthroughs II-2 Snapshot of Broad Market Forces II-2 Noteworthy Market/Technology Trends & Drivers II-3 Short Life of Lead Acid Batteries & Growing Vehicle PARC Fuels Opportunities for Aftermarket Batteries II-3 Table 1: Rising Motorization Rates Worldwide Expands the Addressable Market Opportunity for Aftermarket Automotive Lead Acid Batteries: Per Capita Distribution of Motor Vehicles Per 1,000 People for Select Countries for the Year 2015 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-4

Table 2: Highlighting Vehicle PARC as a Measure of Growth Potential for Aftermarket Batteries: Breakdown of Vehicles-in-Operation ( Passenger Cars & Commercial Vehicles) (In Million Units) in Select Countries for the Year 2016 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-5

Table 3: Rising Average Age of Automobiles Boosts the Frequency of Battery Replacements in the Aftermarket: Average Age of Cars in the EU and the U.S. for the Years 2015 & 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-5 Battery Drain Exerted by the Proliferation of In-Car Electronics & Keep Alive Memory (KAM) Chips Fuel Replacements in the Aftermarket II-6 Table 4: High Electrical Loads Associated with Rapid Electronification of Automobiles Triggers a Steady Stream of Vehicles Heading into the Aftermarket for Replacements Due to Premature Battery Depletion: Automotive Electronics as a Percentage of Vehicle Production Cost for the Years 2010, 2020 & 2030 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-7 Projected Rise in Vehicle Production to Sustain Demand for Lead Acid Batteries in the OEM Market II-7 Table 5: Automotive Batteries to Benefit from the Projected Rise in Automobile Production: Global Production of Vehicles (Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) (In 000 Units) for the Years 2016 & 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-8 Search for the Ideal Lead-Acid Battery Technology Continues II-8 Table 6: Strong Funding for Battery Research to Benefit the Development of Advanced & New Dynamic Models of Lead-Acid Battery Systems: R&D Funding Budgets for Automotive Batteries in the United States as a Case-in-Point (In US$ Million) for the Years 2015 & 2016 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-10 Drawbacks of Flooded Lead-Acid Battery Design Drives the Prominence of Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid (VRLA) Batteries II-10 Migration of Automotive Engineering Designs to Smart Start- Stop Engine Systems Opens Up New Opportunities for AGM ( VRLA) Batteries.............. II-11 Table 7: Growing Acknowledgment of the Urban-Driving Advantages of Stop-Start Systems Spurs Increased OEM Use of the Technology in the Rapidly Growing Production Micro-Hybrids, a Move Which is Projected to Fuel the Rise of AGM Batteries: Global Sales of Micro-Hybrid Cars/Stop-Start Vehicles (SSVs) (In 000 Units) by Geographic Region for the Years 2015 & 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............II-12 Lead Acid Batteries for SLI Functions in Electric Vehicles Dominates, While in High Voltage Applications, Faces Cannibalization Threat from Competing Technologies II-12 Undisputed Economic & Environmental Advantages Sustains the Use of Lead Acid Batteries in Hybrid & Electric Applications.............. II-14 Table 8: Energy Consumed by Lead-Acid Batteries (In Mega Joules per Kg) in Comparison With Various Other Automotive Battery Technologies (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-14

Table 9: Comparison of CO2 Emissions in Lead Acid Batteries (Per Kg of Battery Weight) In Comparison With Various Other Automotive Battery Technologies (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-15

Table 10: Market Growth Benefits from the Growing Focus on Green Cars Against the Backdrop of Lead Acid's Sustained Dominance in SLI Functions in Electric Vehicles: Global Sales of Electric Vehicle by Type (In Million Units) for the Years 2013, 2016, 2018 & 2020 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-15 Market Share.............. II-16 Table 11: Leading Players in the Global Lead-Acid Batteries Market (Q1 2016): Percentage Breakdown of Sales for Johnson Controls, GS Yuasa, Exide Technologies and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............II-16

2. PRODUCT OVERVIEW.............. II-17 Batteries: A Significant Secondary Source of Energy II-17 Lead Acid Batteries - Definition II-17 A Brief History.............. II-18 The Battery Framework..............II-18 Kinds of Battery Architecture II-18 How does a Lead Acid Battery Work? II-18 AGM and GEL Technology..............II-19 Types of Lead Acid Batteries..............II-19 Flooded Lead Acid Batteries..............II-19 Sealed Lead Acid Batteries..............II-19 Applications of Sealed Lead Acid Batteries II-19 Drawbacks.............. II-20 Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) Batteries II-20 Drawbacks of VRLA Batteries II-20 Pure-Lead Batteries..............II-20 Categorization of Automotive Lead Acid Batteries Based on Construction and Intended Use II-20 Automotive Starting..............II-20 Traction.............. II-21 Reasons Behind Battery Failure II-21 Positive Grid Oxidation..............II-21 Active Material Cycling Capacity Loss II-21 Separator Deterioration..............II-21 Water Loss.............. II-21 Factors Controlling Performance of Lead Acid Batteries II-22 Climatic Conditions..............II-22 Temperature: A Critical Factor..............II-22 Maintenance of Batteries..............II-22 Storing.............. II-22 Lead Acid Batteries in the Automotive Sector II-23 Automotive Lead Acid Battery Features II-23 Cold Cranking Rating of Batteries II-23 Cranking Amperes..............II-23 Reserve Capacity..............II-23 Components of an Automotive Lead Acid Battery II-24 Active Material.............. II-24 Plates.............. II-24 Grids.............. II-24 Electrolyte.............. II-24 Separators.............. II-24 Cell.............. II-24 Terminals.............. II-24 Container.............. II-24 Cover.............. II-24 Vents.............. II-24 Working of Lead Acid Battery in Gasoline Powered Vehicles II-25 Types of Automotive Lead Acid Batteries II-25 Cranking Batteries..............II-25 Cycling Batteries.............. II-25 Re-Charging Automotive Lead Acid Batteries II-25 Charging Varies with Battery Types II-26 Trickle Charging..............II-26 Pulse Charging.............. II-26 Jump Starting.............. II-26 Testing Lead Acid Battery Performance II-26

3. LEAD - THE PRIMARY RAW MATERIAL FOR LEAD ACID BATTERIES II-27 Batteries - Largest End-Use Market for Lead II-27 Worldwide Lead Consumption & Production II-27 Lead Exposures - A Cause For Concern II-27 SLAB Exports Poison Mexican Ecosystem II-27 Lead's Effect on Human System..............II-28 Survey by the Consumer Product Safety Commission II-28 Lead Toxicity in the Human Nervous System II-28 Correlation Between Lead Exposure & IQ II-28 Sources of Lead Exposure..............II-29 Airborne.............. II-29 Food & Beverages.............. II-29 Water Distribution System..............II-29 Lead from Soil and Dust..............II-29 Occupational Exposures of Lead..............II-29 Other Sources.............. II-30 Encapsulation - Shield Against Lead Exposures II-30

4. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY..............II-31 GS Yuasa Battery to Introduce ECO.R ENJ Series of Batteries II-31 Hitachi Chemical Launches Next-Generation Lead-Acid Battery II-31 Greenvision Unveils Lead-acid Battery for Use in Electric Rickshaws.............. II-31 Hitachi Chemicals Inks Strategic Alliance with Alf Technologies II-31 Johnson Controls to Invest in AGM Battery Production II-31 Johnson Controls to Establish Automotive Battery Facility in China.............. II-31 Aqua Metals Inks Definitive Agreement with Interstate Batteries II-31 GS Yuasa Supplies Lead-Acid Storage Battery to Toyota Motors II-32 Johnson Controls to Merge with Tyco II-32 GS Yuasa to Take Over Lead Acid Battery Business from Panasonic II-32 Johnson Controls Increases Start-Stop Battery Production Capacity in China..............II-32 Johnson Controls Signs MOU with BHAP II-32 GS Yuasa Acquires Outstanding Shares in Inci Aku Sanayi ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi..............II-32 GS Yuasa Expands Lead-Acid Storage Battery Production Capacity II-32 Johnson Controls Takes Over MAC..............II-33 Trojan Battery Releases New Proprietary Trojan Formula II-33

5. FOCUS ON SELECT PLAYERS..............II-34 ATLASBX Co., Ltd. (South Korea)..............II-34 Banner Batteries (Austria)..............II-34 Camel Group Co., Ltd. (China)..............II-34 CSB Battery Co., Ltd. (Taiwan) II-34 East Penn Manufacturing Company, Inc. (USA) II-35 ENERSYS (USA).............. II-35 Exide Technologies (USA)..............II-36 Exide Industries Limited (India) II-36 F.I.A.M.M SpA (Italy)..............II-37 Firefly International Energy Co. (USA) II-37 Fujian Quanzhou Dahua Battery Co. Ltd. (China) II-37 Furukawa Battery Co. Ltd. (Japan) II-37 GS Yuasa Corporation (Japan)..............II-38 Johnson Controls, Inc. (USA)..............II-38 Leoch Battery Corporation (USA)..............II-39 Lion Batteries (Wholesale) Pty Ltd. (Australia) II-39 Trojan Battery Company (USA)..............II-39

6. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE..............II-40 Volume Analytics.............. II-40 Table 12: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-40

Table 13: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-41

Table 14: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-42

Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) Market by End-Use Segment II-43

Table 15: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-43

Table 16: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-44

Table 17: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-45

Table 18: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by End-Use Segment - Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-46

Table 19: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by End-Use Segment - Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-47

Table 20: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-48

Table 21: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-49

Table 22: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-50

Table 23: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-51

Table 24: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by End-Use Segment - Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-52

Table 25: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by End-Use Segment - Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-53

Table 26: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-54

Value Analytics.............. II-55

Table 27: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-55

Table 28: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-56

Table 29: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-57 Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) Market by End-Use Segment II-58 Table 30: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............II-58

Table 31: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-59

Table 32: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-60

Table 33: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by End-Use Segment - Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-61

Table 34: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by End-Use Segment - Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............II-62

Table 35: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) for Original Equipment Market by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-63

Table 36: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............II-64

Table 37: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by Geographic Region - US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-65

Table 38: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for US, Canada, Japan, Europe, Asia-Pacific (excluding Japan), Latin America and Rest of World Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-66

Table 39: World Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by End-Use Segment - Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-67

Table 40: World Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by End-Use Segment - Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............II-68

Table 41: World 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) in Aftermarket/Replacement Market by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. II-69

III. MARKET

1. THE UNITED STATES.............. III-1 A.Market Analysis.............. III-1 Current and Future Analysis..............III-1 Volume Sales.............. III-1 Value Sales.............. III-1 Market Overview.............. III-1 Strategic Corporate Developments III-2 Select Key Players..............III-2 B.Market Analytics..............III-6 Volume Analytics..............III-6 Table 42: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-6

Table 43: US Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-7

Table 44: US 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-8

Value Analytics.............. III-9

Table 45: US Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-9

Table 46: US Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-10

Table 47: US 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-11

2. CANADA.............. III-12 A.Market Analysis.............. III-12 Current and Future Analysis..............III-12 Volume Sales.............. III-12 Value Sales.............. III-12 B.Market Analytics..............III-13 Volume Analytics..............III-13 Table 48: Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-13

Table 49: Canadian Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-14

Table 50: Canadian 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-15

Value Analytics.............. III-16

Table 51: Canadian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-16

Table 52: Canadian Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-17

Table 53: Canadian 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-18

3. JAPAN.............. III-19 A.Market Analysis.............. III-19 Current and Future Analysis..............III-19 Volume Sales.............. III-19 Value Sales.............. III-19 NEDO's RISING Project to Spur Growth in Rechargeable Battery Market.............. III-19 Strategic Corporate Developments III-20 Select Key Players..............III-20 B.Market Analytics..............III-22 Volume Analytics..............III-22 Table 54: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-22

Table 55: Japanese Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-23

Table 56: Japanese 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-24

Value Analytics.............. III-25

Table 57: Japanese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-25

Table 58: Japanese Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-26

Table 59: Japanese 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-27

4. EUROPE.............. III-28 A.Market Analysis.............. III-28 Current and Future Analysis..............III-28 Volume Sales.............. III-28 Value Sales.............. III-28 B.Market Analytics..............III-29 Volume Analytics..............III-29 Table 60: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-29

Table 61: European Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-30

Table 62: European 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-31

Table 63: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-32

Table 64: European Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-33

Table 65: European 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-34

Value Analytics.............. III-35

Table 66: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-35

Table 67: European Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-36

Table 68: European 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for France, Germany, Italy, UK, Spain, Russia and Rest of Europe Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-37

Table 69: European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-38

Table 70: European Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-39

Table 71: European 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-40

4a. FRANCE.............. III-41 A.Market Analysis.............. III-41 Current and Future Analysis..............III-41 Volume Sales.............. III-41 Value Sales.............. III-41 B.Market Analytics..............III-42 Volume Analytics..............III-42 Table 72: French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-42

Table 73: French Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-43

Table 74: French 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-44

Value Analytics.............. III-45

Table 75: French Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-45

Table 76: French Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-46

Table 77: French 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-47

4b. GERMANY.............. III-48 A.Market Analysis.............. III-48 Current and Future Analysis..............III-48 Volume Sales.............. III-48 Value Sales.............. III-48 B.Market Analytics..............III-49 Volume Analytics..............III-49 Table 78: German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-49

Table 79: German Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-50

Table 80: German 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-51

Value Analytics.............. III-52

Table 81: German Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-52

Table 82: German Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-53

Table 83: German 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-54

4c. ITALY.............. III-55 A.Market Analysis.............. III-55 Current and Future Analysis..............III-55 Volume Sales.............. III-55 Value Sales.............. III-55 F.I.A.M.M SpA - A Key Italian Player III-55 B.Market Analytics..............III-56 Volume Analytics..............III-56 Table 84: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-56

Table 85: Italian Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-57

Table 86: Italian 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-58

Value Analytics.............. III-59

Table 87: Italian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-59

Table 88: Italian Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-60

Table 89: Italian 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-61

4d. THE UNITED KINGDOM..............III-62 A.Market Analysis.............. III-62 Current and Future Analysis..............III-62 Volume Sales.............. III-62 Value Sales.............. III-62 B.Market Analytics..............III-63 Volume Analytics..............III-63 Table 90: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-63

Table 91: UK Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-64

Table 92: UK 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-65

Value Analytics.............. III-66

Table 93: UK Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-66

Table 94: UK Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-67

Table 95: UK 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-68

4e. SPAIN.............. III-69 A.Market Analysis.............. III-69 Current and Future Analysis..............III-69 Volume Sales.............. III-69 Value Sales.............. III-69 B.Market Analytics..............III-70 Volume Analytics..............III-70 Table 96: Spanish Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-70

Table 97: Spanish Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-71

Table 98: Spanish 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-72

Value Analytics.............. III-73

Table 99: Spanish Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-73

Table 100: Spanish Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-74

Table 101: Spanish 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-75

4f. RUSSIA.............. III-76 A.Market Analysis.............. III-76 Current and Future Analysis..............III-76 Volume Sales.............. III-76 Value Sales.............. III-76 B.Market Analytics..............III-77 Volume Analytics..............III-77 Table 102: Russian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-77

Table 103: Russian Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-78

Table 104: Russian 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-79

Value Analytics.............. III-80

Table 105: Russian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-80

Table 106: Russian Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-81

Table 107: Russian 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-82

4g. REST OF EUROPE.............. III-83 A.Market Analysis.............. III-83 Current and Future Analysis..............III-83 Volume Sales.............. III-83 Value Sales.............. III-83 Strategic Corporate Development III-83 Select Key Player.............. III-83 B.Market Analytics..............III-84 Volume Analytics..............III-84 Table 108: Rest of European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-84

Table 109: Rest of European Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-85

Table 110: Rest of European 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-86

Value Analytics.............. III-87

Table 111: Rest of European Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-87

Table 112: Rest of European Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-88

Table 113: Rest of European 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-89

5. ASIA-PACIFIC.............. III-90 A.Market Analysis.............. III-90 Current and Future Analysis..............III-90 Volume Sales.............. III-90 Value Sales.............. III-90 B.Market Analytics..............III-91 Volume Analytics..............III-91 Table 114: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - China, India and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-91

Table 115: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - China, India and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-92

Table 116: Asia-Pacific 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for China, India and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-93

Table 117: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-94

Table 118: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-95

Table 119: Asia-Pacific 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-96

Value Analytics.............. III-97

Table 120: Asia-pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - China, India and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-97

Table 121: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - China, India and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-98

Table 122: Asia-Pacific 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for China, India and Rest of Asia-Pacific Markets for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-99

Table 123: Asia-Pacific Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-100

Table 124: Asia-Pacific Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-101

Table 125: Asia-Pacific 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-102

5a. CHINA.............. III-103 A.Market Analysis.............. III-103 Current and Future Analysis..............III-103 Volume Sales.............. III-103 Value Sales.............. III-103 China's Rechargeable Lead Acid Battery Industry - Highly Lucrative.............. III-103 Environmental Concerns Force Lead Acid Battery Factory Shutdowns in 2011 & 2012..............III-103 Production Scenario Improves with Qualified Manufacturers Increasing their Capacities III-104 China Continues to be Major Market for Lead Acid Batteries III-104 Sealed Lead-Acid Batteries an 'In-Thing' for Automobiles III-104 Table 126: Leading Players in the Chinese Lead-Acid Batteries Market (2015): Percentage Breakdown of Sales for Camel, Fengfan, and Others (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-105 Strategic Corporate Developments III-105 Select Key Players..............III-105 B.Market Analytics..............III-107 Volume Analytics..............III-107 Table 127: Chinese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-107

Table 128: Chinese Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-108

Table 129: Chinese 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-109

Value Analytics.............. III-110

Table 130: Chinese Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart).............. III-110

Table 131: Chinese Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-111

Table 132: Chinese 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Dollar Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-112

5b. INDIA.............. III-113 A.Market Analysis.............. III-113 Current and Future Analysis..............III-113 Volume Sales.............. III-113 Value Sales.............. III-113 Strategic Corporate Developments III-113 Select Key Players..............III-113 B.Market Analytics..............III-115 Volume Analytics..............III-115 Table 133: Indian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2015 through 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart)..............III-115

Table 134: Indian Historic Review for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) Independently Analyzed with Annual Sales Figures in Thousand Units for Years 2009 through 2014 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-116

Table 135: Indian 14-Year Perspective for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Percentage Breakdown of Volume Sales for Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles) for Years 2009, 2016 & 2022 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) III-117

Value Analytics.............. III-118

Table 136: Indian Recent Past, Current & Future Analysis for Lead Acid Batteries (Automotive) by End-Use Segment - Original Equipment Market (Motorcycles, Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles); and Aftermarket/Replacement Market (Motor
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